China's "National Jade": Understanding the Difference Between Hetian Jade and Jadeite

When most people think of jade, they picture a vibrant green stone, often seen in exquisite carvings or jewelry. But the world of Chinese jade is richer and more complex than you might think. While jadeite is the king of jade today, China's traditional "national jade" is actually a different stone entirely: Hetian jade (also known as nephrite).

So, what’s the difference? Understanding these two stones is key to appreciating their unique place in culture and history.

The Soul of a Nation: Hetian Jade

Hetian jade has been revered in China for thousands of years. From ancient dynasties to the present day, it symbolizes purity, virtue, and immortality. It’s the stone of emperors and scholars, deeply embedded in Chinese philosophy.

Unlike jadeite's glassy appearance, Hetian jade has a more subtle, oily luster. It feels smooth and warm to the touch and comes in a range of colors, from pure white to shades of green, yellow, and black. Its beauty is quiet and profound, a testament to its deep cultural significance.

The King of Jade: Jadeite

Jadeite is a much newer arrival in Chinese culture, gaining popularity during the Qing Dynasty. Originally imported from Myanmar (Burma), its superior hardness and stunning, vibrant colors quickly captured the hearts of the elite.

While Hetian jade is admired for its understated beauty, jadeite is prized for its brilliance and translucence. This is the jade you see in bright, rich greens—the Imperial Green so famously sought after—as well as brilliant purples, lavenders, and fiery oranges.

The Key Differences at a Glance

In the end, both Hetian jade and jadeite are beautiful and highly valued. Hetian jade holds a special place in the soul of Chinese culture, while jadeite represents a modern standard of beauty and brilliance. By understanding the distinction, you can truly appreciate the rich and layered history behind these incredible stones.